Direct Federal Financial Interventions and Subsidies in Energy in Fiscal Year 2016

Author: U.S. Energy Information Administration | U.S.

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“Most current federal subsidies support developing renewable energy supplies (primarily biofuels, wind, and solar) and reducing energy consumption through energy efficiency. In FY 2016, nearly half (45%) of federal energy subsidies were associated with renewable energy, and 42% were associated with energy end uses. Table 4 shows a more detailed distribution of renewable energy-related federal support. …

“In FY 2016, tax code provisions were the largest source of direct federal financial interventions and subsidies in energy markets, following a period of higher federal direct expenditures resulting from ARRA programs and funding. The federal tax code—with 36 wide-ranging, energy-specific tax provisions (Table 5)—provided greater financial support to energy in FY 2016 than direct expenditures and R&D support. This reversal from FY 2013 is best captured by the temporary ARRA Section 1603-grant program to allow an investment tax credit (ITC)5 in lieu of the renewable energy production tax credit (PTC).6 In FY 2013, this ITC grant program pushed the direct expenditure category above estimated tax expenditures in absolute dollar terms.7 In FY 2016, the ITC grant program had largely ended, and tax expenditures (in total) regained their dominance, with tax provisions representing 59% of the total (Table 3).”

In FY 2016, wind received $1,266 million, or $5.75 per MWh generated. Coal received $1,262 million, or $1.04 per MWh, and natural gas net paid $773 million, or 54¢ per MWh. Nuclear received $365 million (46¢/MWh), hydro $38 million (14¢/MWh), and solar $2,231 million ($43.75/MWh).

Also see: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2022

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