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Resource Documents: Finland (7 items)
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How far are birds, bats, and terrestrial mammals displaced from onshore wind power development? A systematic review
Author: Tolvanen, Anne; et al.
Highlights 63 %, 72 %, and 67 % of bird, bat, and mammal cases respectively reported displacement. Cranes, owls and semi-domestic reindeer were displaced on average up to 5 km. Bats were displaced on average up to 1 km in 21 out of 29 cases. Findings of no displacement resulted from methodology, species, and environment. Information on displacement helps to mitigate the effects of wind power on wildlife. Abstract Wind power is a rapidly growing source of energy worldwide. It is crucial for climate change . . .
More »The presence of wind turbines repels bats in boreal forests
Author: Gaultier, Simon; et al.
Highlights Presence of Eptesicus nilssonii and Myotis spp. are higher further from wind turbines located in forests. The avoidance of wind turbines or their surroundings could mean important loss of habitats for bats. Bat activity at wind power sites in forests varies with night length and season in the boreal zone. Mitigating this avoidance effect in current and future wind farms requires stronger regulations in Finland and the rest of Europe. Abstract Impacts of wind power on bats are usually . . .
More »Impact of Hourly Wind Power Variations on the System Operation in the Nordic Countries
Author: Holttinen, Hannele
[abstract] The variations of wind power production will increase the flexibility needed in the system when significant amounts of load are covered by wind power. When studying the incremental effects that varying wind power production imposes on the power system, it is important to study the system as a whole: only the net imbalances have to be balanced by the system. Large geographical spreading of wind power will reduce variability, increase predictability and decrease the occasions with near zero or . . .
More »Indoor noise annoyance due to 3-5 megawatt wind turbines—An exposure-response relationship
Author: Hongisto, Valtteri; Oliva, David; and Keränen, Jukka
Abstract – The existing exposure-response relationships describing the association between wind turbine sound level and noise annoyance concern turbine sizes of 0.15-3.0 MW. The main purpose of this study was to determine a relationship concerning turbines with nominal power of 3-5 MW. A cross-sectional survey was conducted around three wind power areas in Finland. The survey involved all households within a 2 km distance from the nearest turbine. Altogether, 429 households out of 753 participated. The households were exposed to wind turbine noise . . .
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