General Specification V112–3.0 MW 

1. General Description

The Vestas V112-3.0 MW wind turbine is a pitch regulated upwind turbine with active yaw and a three-blade rotor. The Vestas V112-3.0 MW turbine has a rotor diameter of 112 m and a rated output power of 3.075 MW. The turbine utilises the OptiTip concept and a power system based on a permanent magnet generator and full-scale converter. With these features, the wind turbine is able to operate the rotor at variable speed and thereby maintaining the power output at or near rated power even in high wind speed. At low wind speed, the OptiTip® concept and the power system work together to maximise the power output by operating at the optimal rotor speed and pitch angle.

2.1. Rotor

Diameter: 112 m
Swept Area: 9852 m² (2.43 acres)
Rotational Speed Static, Rotor: 12.8 rpm (blade tip speed 168 mph)
Speed, Dynamic Operation Range: 6.2-17.7 rpm (max blade tip speed 232 mph)

2.2. Blades

Material: Fibre glass reinforced epoxy and carbon fibres

2.3. Blade Bearing

The blade bearings are double-row four-point contact ball bearings.

Lubrication: Grease, automatic lubrication pump

2.4. Pitch System

The turbine is equipped with a pitch system for each blade and a distributor block, all located in the hub. Each pitch system is connected to the distributor block with flexible hoses. The distributor block is connected to the pipes of the hydraulic rotating transfer unit in the hub by means of three hoses (pressure line, return line and drain line).

Each pitch system consists of a hydraulic cylinder mounted to the hub and a piston rod mounted to the blade via a torque arm shaft. Valves facilitating operation of the pitch cylinder are installed on a pitch block bolted directly onto the cylinder.

Main Pump: Two redundant internal-gear oil pumps

2.8. Main Bearing

Type: Double-row spherical roller bearing
Lubrication: Automatic grease lubrication

2.9. Gearbox

The main gear converts the low-speed rotation of the rotor to high-speed generator rotation.

The gearbox is a four-stage differential gearbox where the first three stages are planetary stages and the fourth stage is a helical stage.

The disc brake is mounted on the high-speed shaft. The gearbox lubrication system is a pressure-fed system.

Lubrication System: Pressure oil lubrication
Backup Lubrication System: Oil sump filled from external gravity tank
Total Gear Oil Volume: Approximately 1170 litres (309 US gallons)

2.10. Generator Bearings

The bearings are grease lubricated and grease is supplied continuously from an automatic lubrication unit.

2.16. Thermal Conditioning System

The thermal conditioning system consists of a few robust components:

• The Vestas Cooler Top located on top of the rear end of the nacelle. The cooler top is a free flow cooler, thus ensuring that there are no electrical components in the thermal conditioning system located outside the nacelle.
• The Liquid Cooling System I, which serves the gearbox and hydraulic systems, driven by a single electrical pump.
• The Liquid Cooling System II, which serves the generator and converter systems, driven by a single electrical pump.
• The transformer forced air cooling comprised of an electrical fan.
• The nacelle forced air cooling comprised of two electrical fans.

2.16.1. Generator and Converter Cooling

The generator and converter cooling systems operate in parallel. A dynamic flow valve mounted in the generator cooling circuit divides the cooling liquid flow. The cooling liquid removes heat from the generator and converter unit using a free-air flow radiator placed on the top of the nacelle. In addition to the generator, converter unit and radiator, the circulation system includes an electrical pump and a three-way thermostatic valve.

2.16.2. Gearbox and Hydraulic Cooling

The gearbox and hydraulic cooling systems are coupled in parallel. A dynamic flow valve mounted in the gearbox cooling circuit divides the cooling flow. The cooling liquid removes heat from the gearbox and the hydraulic power unit through heat exchangers and a free-air flow radiator placed on the top of the nacelle. In addition to the heat exchangers and the radiator, the circulation system includes an electrical pump and a three-way thermostatic valve.

4.1. Braking Concept

… In addition, there is a mechanical disc brake on the high-speed shaft of the gearbox with a dedicated hydraulic system.

6.1. Chemicals

Chemicals used in the turbine are evaluated according to the Vestas Wind Systems A/S Environmental System certified according to ISO 14001:2004. The following chemicals are used in the turbine:

• Anti-freeze to help prevent the cooling system from freezing.
• Gear oil for lubricating the gearbox.
• Hydraulic oil to pitch the blades and operate the brake.
• Grease to lubricate bearings.
• Various cleaning agents and chemicals for maintenance of the turbine.

[NWW note:  Not mentioned is insulating/cooling oil in the transformer.]

9.11. Own Consumption

The consumption of electrical power by the wind turbine is defined as the power used by the wind turbine when it is not providing energy to the grid. This is defined in the control system as Production Generator 0 (zero). The following components have the largest influence on the own consumption of the wind turbine (the average own consumption depends on the actual conditions, the climate, the wind turbine output, the cut-off hours, etc.):

Hydraulic Motor: 30 KW (2 x 15 kW (master/slave))
Yaw Motors: 17.6 kW (8 x 2.2 kW)
Water Heating: 10 kW
Water Pumps: 2.2 + 5.5 kW
Oil Heating: 7.9 kW
Oil Pump for Gearbox Lubrication: 10 kW
Controller Including Heating Elements for the Hydraulics and all Controllers: Maximum approximately 3 kW
HV Transformer No-load Loss: Maximum 6.6 kW

[NWW note:  Not mentioned is drawing power from the grid to turn the blades before there is enough torque to generate at the turbine’s full capacity and during periods of no wind to prevent bending of the rotor shaft.]

12.3.3. Noise Curve, Noise Mode 2

Sound Power Level at Hub Height [84 m, 94 m, and 119 m]:

Conditions for Sound Power Level: Measurement standard IEC 61400-11 ed. 2 2002; Wind shear: 0.16; Maximum turbulence at 10 metre height: 16%; Inflow angle (vertical): 0 ± 2°; Air density: 1.225 kg/m³

[Table 12-9] From 94.7 dBA (3 m/s wind at 10 m) to 106.5 dBA (13 m/s wind at 10 m)

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