Resource Documents by Pedersen, Eja

Smith, Michael; Ögren, Mikael; Thorsson, Pontus; Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith; Pedersen, Eja; Forssén, Jens; Ageborg Morsing, Julia; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Laboratory study on the effects of wind turbine noise on sleep: results of the polysomnographic WiTNES study 
Abstract Study Objectives: Assess the physiologic and self-reported effects of wind turbine noise (WTN) on sleep. Methods: Laboratory sleep study (n = 50 participants: n = 24 living close to wind turbines and n = 26 as a reference group) using polysomnography, electrocardiography, salivary cortisol, and questionnaire endpoints. Three consecutive nights (23:00–07:00): one habituation followed by a randomized quiet Control and an intervention night with synthesized 32 dB LAEq WTN. Noise in WTN nights simulated closed and ajar windows and . . . Complete article »

Ageborg Morsing, Julia; Smith, Michael; Ögren, Mikael; Thorsson, Pontus; Pedersen, Eja; Forssén, Jens; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Wind Turbine Noise and Sleep: Pilot Studies on the Influence of Noise Characteristics 
Abstract: The number of onshore wind turbines in Europe has greatly increased over recent years, a trend which can be expected to continue. However, the effects of wind turbine noise on long-term health outcomes for residents living near wind farms is largely unknown, although sleep disturbance may be a cause for particular concern. Presented here are two pilot studies with the aim of examining the acoustical properties of wind turbine noise that might be of special relevance regarding effects on . . . Complete article »

Thorsson, Pontus; Persson Waye, Kerstin; Smith, Michael; Ögren, Mikael; Pedersen, Eja; and Forssén Jens
Low-frequency outdoor–indoor noise level difference for wind turbine assessment 
Abstract: To increase the understanding of wind turbine noise on sleep, human physiological reactions need to be studied in a controlled laboratory setting. The paper presents an outdoor–indoor noise level difference as a function of frequency, applicable to creating wind turbine indoor sounds with the outdoor sounds as input. For this, a combination of measurement data and modeling results has been used. The suggested data are provided in a table. Pontus Thorsson, Division of Applied Acoustics, Chalmers University of Technology . . . Complete article »

Smith, Michael; Ögren, Mikael; Thorsson, Pontus; Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith; Pedersen, Eja; Forssén, Jens; Ageborg Morsing, Julia; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Wind Turbine Noise Effects on Sleep: The WiTNES study 
ABSTRACT — Onshore wind turbines are becoming increasingly widespread globally, with the associated net effect that a greater number of people will be exposed to wind turbine noise (WTN). Sleep disturbance by WTN has been suggested to be of particular importance with regards to a potential impact on human health. Within the Wind Turbine Noise Effects on Sleep (WiTNES) project, we have experimentally investigated the physiological effects of night time WTN on sleep using polysomnography and self-reporting protocols. Fifty participants . . . Complete article »

Smith, Michael; Ögren, Mikael; Thorsson, Pontus; Pedersen, Eja; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Physiological effects of wind turbine noise on sleep 
Abstract: In accordance with the EU energy policy, wind turbines are becoming increasingly widespread throughout Europe, and this trend is expected to continue globally. More people will consequently live close to wind turbines in the future, and hence may be exposed to wind farm noise. Of particular concern is the potential for nocturnal noise to contribute towards sleep disturbance of nearby residents. To examine the issue, we are implementing a project titled Wind Turbine Noise Effects on Sleep (WiTNES). In . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; Forssén, Jens; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Human perception of sound from wind turbines 
Summary The erection of wind turbines is preceded by an environmental assessment of the impact of wind turbines on people living nearby. One impact to be assessed is sound. It is thus important to have scientifically based knowledge of how wind turbine sound will be perceived in order to ensure that this sound does not adversely affect the health of residents in the area. This report presents an analysis of the results from two previous field studies investigating the relation . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja
Health aspects associated with wind turbine noise – results from three field studies 
Wind farms are a new source of environmental noise. The impact of wind turbine noise on health and well-being has not yet been well-established and remains under debate. Long-term effects, especially, are not known, because of the short time wind turbines have been operating and the relatively few people who have so far been exposed to wind turbine noise. As the rate of new installations increases, so does the number of people being exposed to wind turbine noise and the . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; van den Berg, Frits; Bakker, Roel; and Bouma, Jelte
Can road traffic mask sound from wind turbines? Response to wind turbine sound at different levels of road traffic sound 
Abstract: Wind turbines are favoured in the switch-over to renewable energy. Suitable sites for further developments could be difficult to find as the sound emitted from the rotor blades calls for a sufficient distance to residents to avoid negative effects. The aim of this study was to explore if road traffic sound could mask wind turbine sound or, in contrast, increases annoyance due to wind turbine noise. Annoyance of road traffic and wind turbine noise was measured in the WINDFARMperception . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja
Effects of wind turbine noise on humans 
Abstract: Possible adverse health effects due to exposure of wind turbine noise have been discussed since the first modern electrical generating wind turbines were erected in the 1970’s. Despite this, only a few large epidemiological studies have been carried out. This paper is based on data from two Swedish studies and one Dutch study in which self-reported health and well-being were related to calculated A-weighted sound pressure levels outside the dwelling of each respondent. The consistencies in results from these . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Wind turbines — low level noise sources interfering with restoration? 
Abstract: Wind turbines generate a low level noise and would thus not be expected to cause annoyance and disturb rest. In a society where people are being exposed to an increasing noise load, moderate and low level noise sources may also be perceived as annoying and hence inhibit restoration. This article presents an analysis of two socio-acoustic studies of wind turbine noise with the emphasis on perception, annoyance and consequences for restoration. It is hypothesized that low and moderate stressors . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; and Larsman, Pernilla
Impact of visual factors on noise annoyance among people living in the vicinity of wind turbines 
Abstract: Wind turbines are highly visible objects and the response to wind turbine noise is possibly influenced by visual factors. In this study, visibility of the noise source, visual attitude and vertical visual angle (VVA) in different landscapes were explored. Data from two cross-sectional field studies carried out among people living near wind turbines (n=1095) were used for structural equation modelling. A proposed model of the influence of visual attitude on noise annoyance, also comprising the influence of noise level . . . Complete article »

Janssen, Sabine; Vos, Henk; Eisses, Arno; and Pedersen, Eja
Comparison between exposure-response relationships for wind turbine annoyance and annoyance due to other noise sources 
Surveys have shown that noise from wind turbines is perceived as annoying by a proportion of residents living in their vicinity, apparently at much lower noise levels than those inducing annoyance due to other environmental sources. The aim of the present study was to derive the exposure-response relationship between wind turbine noise exposure in L(den) and the expected percentage annoyed residents and to compare it to previously established relationships for industrial noise and transportation noise. In addition, the influence of . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; van den Berg, Frits; Bakker, Roel; and Bouma, Jelte
Response to noise from modern wind farms in The Netherlands 
Abstract: The increasing number and size of wind farms call for more data on human response to wind turbine noise, so that a generalized dose-response relationship can be modeled and possible adverse health effects avoided. This paper reports the results of a 2007 field study in The Netherlands with 725 respondents. A dose-response relationship between calculated A-weighted sound pressure levels, and reported perception and annoyance was found. Wind turbine noise was more annoying than transportation noise or industrial noise at . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; Bouma, Jelte; Bakker, Roel; and van den Berg, Frits
Response to wind turbine noise in the Netherlands 
Abstract: A cross-sectional study with the objective to explore the impact of wind turbine noise on people living in the vicinity of wind farms was carried out in the Netherlands in 2007. A postal questionnaire assessing response to environmental exposures in the living area, including wind turbine noise, was answered by 725 respondents (response rate: 37%). Immission levels of wind turbine noise outside the dwelling of each respondent were calculated in accordance with ISO-9613. The risk for being annoyed by . . . Complete article »

van den Berg, Frits; Pedersen, Eja; Bakker, Roel; and Bouma, Jelte
Wind farm aural and visual impact in the Netherlands 
Abstract: The WINDFARMperception project, carried out in 2007/08 in the Netherlands, aimed to explore the impact of wind turbines on people living close to wind farms. The study group was selected in three types of area (countryside, countryside with major road, built up area) by means of a Geographic Information System (GIS). Each selected address was sithin 2.5 km of a wind turbine of at least 500 kW electric power and a similar turbine within 500 m of the first. . . . Complete article »

van den Berg, Frits; Pedersen, Eja; Bouma, Jelte; and Bakker, Roel
Visual and acoustic impact of wind turbine farms on residents 
Wind turbines more annoying than expected The WINDFARMperception project shows that the sound of wind turbines causes relatively much annoyance. The sound is perceived at relatively low levels and is thought to be more annoying than equally loud air or road traffic. This may be caused by the swishing character of the sound or because at night it does not decrease in strength – which is usually the case for traffic noise. Also in this study more disturbance of sleep occurs . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja; and Persson Waye, Kerstin
Perception of wind turbine noise: two papers from Sweden 
Wind turbine noise, annoyance and self-reported health and well-being in different living environments. Pedersen E, Persson Waye K., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. eja.pedersen@set.hh.se Occup Environ Med. 2007 Jul;64(7):480-6. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of perception and annoyance due to wind turbine noise among people living near the turbines, and to study relations between noise and perception/annoyance, with focus on differences between living environments. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in seven areas in . . . Complete article »

Pedersen, Eja
Human response to wind turbine noise – perception, annoyance and moderating factors 
(Dissertation, 2007, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Göteborg University Sahlgrenska Institute) This doctoral thesis is based on four papers: I. Pedersen, E., and Persson Waye, K. Perception and annoyance due to wind turbine noise—a dose-response relationship. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2004, 116, 3460–3470. [Download.] II. Pedersen, E., Hallberg, L.R.-M., and Persson Waye K. Living in the vicinity of wind turbines – grounded theory study. Qualitative Research in Psychology. In press. [Published: 2007, 4, . . . Complete article »

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