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Impact of a two-dimensional steep hill on wind turbine noise propagation
Abstract—
Wind turbine noise propagation in a hilly terrain is studied through numerical simulation in different scenarios. Linearized Euler equations are solved in a moving frame that follows the wavefront, and wind turbine noise is modeled with an extended moving source. We employ large-eddy simulations to simulate the flow around the hill and the wind turbine. The sound pressure levels (SPLs) obtained for a wind turbine in front of a 2D hill and a wind turbine on a hilltop are compared to a baseline flat case. First, the source height and wind speed strongly affect sound propagation downwind. We find that topography influences the wake shape, inducing changes in the sound propagation that drastically modify the SPL downwind. Placing the turbine on the hilltop increases the average sound pressure level and amplitude modulation downwind. For the wind turbine placed upstream of a hill, a strong shielding effect is observed. But, because of the refraction by the wind gradient, levels are comparable with the baseline flat case just after the hill. Thus, considering how terrain topography alters the flow and wind turbine wake is essential to accurately predict wind turbine noise propagation.
Jules Colas, Ariane Emmanuelli, Didier Dragna, Philippe Blanc-Benon, École Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Écully, France
Benjamin Cotté, Institute of Mechanical Sciences and Industrial Applications, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
Richard J. A. M. Stevens, Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, J.M. Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
Wind Energy Science, Volume 9, issue 10, 1869–1884, 2024
doi: 10.5194/wes-9-1869-2024
Download original document: “Impact of a two-dimensional steep hill on wind turbine noise propagation”
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Tags: Wind power, Wind energy
