Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Mortalities at Wind Energy Facilities in the Contiguous United States
Pagel, Joel; et al.
Pagel, Joel; et al.
[abstract] Individuals of Haliaeetus leucocephalus and Aquila chrysaetos have been killed in U.S. wind energy installations. We found the number to be at least 85 eagles killed, including 6 individuals of H. leucocephalus and 79 of A. chrysaetos, in 32 wind energy installations in 10 states from 1997 to 30 June 2012. Our results probably underrepresent, perhaps substantially, the numbers of eagles killed in the United States by wind-powered electricity production.
Authors’ Note: Between 30 June 2012 and the time of final acceptance of this manuscript, Bald and Golden eagles had been killed by wind-generated electricity production in three additional states: Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
NWW note: The study excluded 17 eagle deaths for which there was “not enough evidence”.
Joel E. Pagel
Kevin J. Kritz
Brian A. Millsap
Robert K. Murphy
Eric L. Kershner
Scott Covington
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Journal of Raptor Research 47(3):311-315. 2013
doi: 10.3356/JRR-12-00019.1 [1]
URL to article: https://www.wind-watch.org/documents/bald-eagle-and-golden-eagle-mortalities-at-wind-energy-facilities-in-us/
URLs in this post:
[1] doi: 10.3356/JRR-12-00019.1: http://dx.doi.org/10.3356/JRR-12-00019.1