Resource Documents by Leonhard, W.
Leonhard, W.; and Müller, K.
Balancing Fluctuating Wind Energy with Fossil-Fuel Power Stations
‘The simulation results show that even at this low penetration of wind energy, the infeed causes a hidden increase of the specific fuel consumption in remote fossil generating stations; in other words, they are now producing less electrical energy but with a higher fuel consumption and CO2- emissions per kWh. Substantial power reserves are necessary to guard against uncertainties of the wind power forecast and possible protective shut-downs of windfarms, which further strengthens the tendency towards a less efficient part-load-operation . . . Complete article »
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