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Resource Documents by Culik, Boris

Koschinski, Sven; Culik, Boris; Henriksen, Oluf; Tregenza, Nick; Ellis, Graeme; Jansen, Christoph; and Kathe, Günter
Behavioural reactions of free-ranging porpoises and seals to the noise of a simulated 2 MW windpower generator 
ABSTRACT: Operational underwater noise emitted at 8 m/s by a 550 kW WindWorld wind-turbine was recorded from the sea and modified to simulate a 2 MW wind-turbine. The sound was replayed from an audio CD through a car CD-player and a J-13 transducer. The maximum sound energy was emitted between 30 and 800 Hz with peak source levels of 128 dB (re 1 μPa²/Hz at 1 m) at 80 and 160 Hz (1/3-octave centre frequencies). This simulated 2 MW wind-turbine noise was . . . Complete article »

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